Introduction
Solar energy is a renewable energy source with features such as being easy to install and use, as well as not polluting the environment and not creating harmful waste. Solar energy is the radiant energy released by the fusion process (conversion of hydrogen gas into helium) in the core of the sun. The sun is a clean and inexhaustible renewable energy source that emits approximately 3.9×1026 W of power. A very small amount of this energy emitted from the sun reaches the Earth. An average of 1,367 W falls on each square meter of the outer surface of the atmosphere. It absorbs some of this radiation coming into the atmosphere, generally consisting of X-rays and ultraviolet rays, and reflects some of it. The studies carried out by our Ministry in order to evaluate such a large and renewable energy source have gained momentum recently. Countries have accelerated the transition to renewable energy in order to avoid the damage caused by fossil resources to the environment. In this way, many researches are carried out on the production of heat and electricity from solar energy, and the use is increasing over the years. Although there are multiple methods for generating electricity from solar energy, the overall trend is focused on photovoltaic systems, where the light from the sun is directly converted into electricity. Studies on utilizing solar energy gained momentum especially after the 1970s, solar energy systems have shown a decrease in technological progress and cost, and have established themselves as an environmentally clean energy source. Especially the fact that it is a clean energy source and that it works at a low cost after installation increases the importance of solar energy.
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